trioskate.blogg.se - Abscissa graph

Measured data are presented with individual symbols placed at each data point. 7) Graphs of theoretical relationships (given by explicit formulas) do not have individual point designations, either solid, dashed, or dotted lines are used. Abscissa lettering is oriented normally and ordinate lettering is oriented such that it can be read if the paper is rotated 90 degrees clockwise. The axis lettering is usually placed outside the axis and its scale markers. 6) Each axis of the graph must be labeled along with the units used. If the graph requires a longer abscissa, the graph should be placed with the abscissa opposite the bound side of the graph and the ordinate along the left hand side. Normally the abscissa is along the bottom of a graph and the ordinate along the left hand edge. 5) Each axis should be indented from the edge of the graph paper to allow adequate lettering of the axis. If grid lines are used, they should be faint and unobtrusive.

Markers should be placed regularly along each axis at the given scale divisions. If hand-drawn, axes should be dark and thick lines drawn with a straight edge for neatness and clarity. 4) Graph paper should either be of the pre-printed type, carefully prepared blank paper, or computer-generated.

This rule is often difficult to apply, but use common sense ("engineering judgment") to determine if zero should be on both axes. 3) It is usually desirable to show zero at the start of both the ordinate and abscissa unless this would compress the graph significantly. These scale values make the graph much easier to use and allow easier interpolation between data values. Unless there are unusual circumstances, select scales that are multiples of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, etc. 2) Scales for both axes should be selected for readability and clarity. Rules for Graphing 1) Graphs are almost always prepared by placing the dependent (output) value(s) along the ordinate (vertical axis) and the independent variable (input) along the abscissa (horizontal axis). Rules for other scales are similar and will be presented in a later section. The rules given below are for graphs with linear scales on both the horizontal and vertical axes. Remember that computers are simply tools, never use the excuse “that's what the computer gave me” for a poorly prepared graph. There are several computer packages available for producing graphs, but many of these do not generate adequate engineering style graphs without extensive modification to the default parameters. However, poorly prepared graphs can be confusing and misleading. Properly presented, graphs provide a compact and concise delivery of information. The values to be plotted can come from theoretical or empirical (observed) relationships, or from measured data.

(previous) .Plotting and Graphing Much of the data and information used by engineers is presented in the form of graphs.

2014: Christopher Clapham and James Nicholson: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Mathematics (5th ed.) .

(next): Entry: abscissa ( plural abscissae)

2008: David Nelson: The Penguin Dictionary of Mathematics (4th ed.) .

1998: David Nelson: The Penguin Dictionary of Mathematics (2nd ed.) .

(next): Chapter $1$: Rectangular co-ordinates Boxer: Theory and Problems of Statistics (SI ed.) . (next): Chapter $1$: Introduction to Coordinate Geometry (footnote) Sommerville: Analytical Conics (3rd ed.) . The $x$ coordinate of a point $P = \tuple $ has no strong opinion on what plural form is used, as it is considered obsolete and is not expected to appear often. Consider the graph $y = \map f x$ of a real function $f$ embedded in a Cartesian plane.